The Jewish Religion and Its Impact on Western Culture

The long, rich history of Judaism gives the western world its shape today. The laws, traditions, culture, and values are directly attributable to Judaism. Judaism most prominently began with the founder of the Hebrews known as Abraham, who began to worship a figure called â€Å"Elohim. † Historically, the teachings of Judaism were also subscribed by nomadic tribes, which settled in present day Palestine, near Mt. Sinai. The people of these tribes did not label themselves as Hebrews, and referred to G-d as the G-d of Abraham.The beginning of the story came about as G-d promised Abraham a son, and in the course of the events doubting that his old wife could give him a son, he had Ishmael with his maid, Hagar. Later, G-d's prophecy would be fulfilled with the birth of Isaac, by his wife Sarah. Due to their belief system, the tribe proliferated the idea that Isaac and his descendants were chosen by G-d to carry forward Abraham's holy ancestry. Isaac was the forefather of what was to become the 12 tribes of Israel. These twelve original tribes were later enslaved for several generations in Egypt. In Egypt, the Jews were persecuted and sold into slavery.It was not until Moses, a Hebrew, adopted by the pharaoh, realized his duty to release his people from their oppression. He eventually led the people from Egypt into the desert where they wandered for 40 years. Throughout the history of the world, the Jewish people have been persecuted and oppressed because of their religious beliefs and faith. Many groups of people have made Jews their scapegoat. Jews have suffered from years of intolerance because people have not understood what the religion really means. They do not understand where and why the religion began, nor the customs of its people.For one to understand the great hardships, triumphs, and history of the Jewish people, one must open-mindedly peruse a greater knowledge of the Jewish people and faith, while acknowledging their impact on society today. Al l Western law is based in part on Judaic Torah observance. A quick look at the Ten Commandments (Exodus 20) is a very good summary of most modern law that is followed today, along with the next three chapters in Exodus. Judaism believes in the equality of all people and if these commandments were not made and observed today, the equality of Western law would be replaced by position, power, or money.Another modern historical tradition adopted by from the Jews is how we eat. What is customary in Western society is a reflection of most of the Judaic dietary law. With the exception of the pig, Western society does not eat what is not contained in kosher law. Owls, mice, rats, and snakes are repugnant to most Westerners and it is a direct result of Jewish culture. A third example can be directly traced to Jewish culture in the way women are treated. Women's rights were carefully maintained in this ancient culture, and today's laws giving women equal rights under the law are a byproduct o f Judaism.Unfortunately in today’s world, education is taken for granted, yet Judaism has long maintained education as the highest goal of man in his pursuit of Godliness. After the Babylonian Captivity, it was decreed that all the people should be educated, and this tradition has been passed to Western culture. Other defining characteristics of Western civilization which are influenced by Judaism are the recognition of the importance of each individual. Every person is believed to have worth and to deserve a life of dignity.In Jewish literature, this idea is first expressed in the first chapter of the first book of the Hebrew Bible, which says that people are created in the image of G-d. Because of this, every person is valuable. This idea was not common in the ancient world, where an individual’s social status often determined one’s importance and value. Also, the idea that trials must be fair is closely connected to belief in the rule of law. The Hebrew Bible and Talmud include numerous statements that emphasize the importance of fair trials and a wide variety of provisions to help ensure that trials are fair.Many of these provisions became key legal principles in the Western world. Jewish roots of legal principles have even been referenced by the U. S. Supreme Court. Lastly, giving charity is an important value in Western civilization that was not emphasized in most ancient cultures. In Judaism, on the other hand, supporting the needy is obligatory. Judaism has also played a significant role in the development of Western culture because of its unique relationship with Christianity, the dominant religious force in the West.Although the Christian church drew from other sources as well, its retention of the sacred Scriptures of the synagogue (the Old Testament) as an integral part of its Bible is crucial. Not only was the development of its ideas and doctrines deeply influenced, but it also received an ethical dynamism that constantly ove rcame an inclination to withdraw into world-denying isolation. It was, however, not only Judaism’s heritage but its persistence that touched Western civilization. The continuing existence of the Jews, even as pariah people, is both a challenge and a warning. Their liberation from the shackles of discrimination, segregation, and rejection at the beginning of the modern era was understood by many to be the touchstone of all human liberty. The two central events of 20th-century Jewish history were the Holocaust and the establishment of the State of Israel. The former was the great tragedy of the Jewish people, while the later was the light of a rebirth, which promised political, cultural, and economic independence.The rest of the world has been forced to reconsider and reorient its relationship with Judaism and the Jewish people because of these two events. At the same time, the centers of Jewish life have moved almost exclusively to Israel and North America. Along with these de velopments, theological considerations and practical realities, such as interfaith marriage, have made Jewish religious culture a point of interest for many non-Jews. In the early 21st century, Jewish religious life continued to fragment along ideological lines, but that very fragmentation animated both moral imagination and ritual life.While ultra-Orthodox Judaism grew narrower, and some varieties of Liberal Judaism moved ritual practice even farther away from traditional observance, a vital center emerged, running from Reform Judaism to modern Orthodoxy. This center sought to understand Judaism within a broader context of interaction with other cultures while leaving the essentials of belief and practice unaffected. Predicting the future of Judaism is not an easy or desirable task, but there is reason to hope that the world will continue to draw upon the religious and cultural traditions of Judaism, both past and present.

Bad law Essay

Bad law BY erik2408 Bad Law/Lawyers Introduction: Law is a term which does not have a universally accepted definition, but one definition is that law is a system of rules and guidelines which are enforced through social institutions to govern behavior. What is bad law you may ask? Bad law ties in with quite a few things, as a matter of fact it’s a very big subject but I would like to break it down to Just a few certain topics. The topics that I would like to discuss are what is and makes a bad lawyer in general, the morality of some lawyers. You could be a great lawyer but if you have horrible morals by my definition I would have to abel you as a bad lawyer. But my most important topic is on lawyers and ambulance chasing which is frowned upon. There are two great movies that explain both of these topics. One of the movies is â€Å"My cousin Vinny’ which shows you an example of an overall bad lawyer. The other movie is a bit more popular â€Å"The Verdict† which portrays a morally bad lawyer that is an ambulance chaser. Discussion: Let’s get started! The first thing I’d like to discuss is a bad lawyer Just in general. I don’t know if a lot of people seen the movie â€Å"My Cousin Vinny’ but that movie is a great example of a bad lawyer. For the people that are unfamiliar with it let me tell you a little bit about it. The movie starts off by two boys driving across the country and get arrested and trailed for murder, for the killing of the clerk at a gas station they had Just been into. The two boys were innocent and but there were witnesses saying they saw them. They were broke and in big trouble. So one of the boys called his uncle Vinny who was a lawyer. This was Vinnie’s first case ever as a lawyer and was completely clueless. Vinny did not know the rules and regulations on how to behave in a courtroom to say the least. Somehow he convinced the kids to let him represent them. Vinny was learning as we went along, and with the help of his girlfriend he actually won the case. But if I was being trailed for murder I for sure know I would not want him representing me. If you are in need of a lawyer here’s some tips you may need to know to avoid the bad ones. For one don’t go for a general practitioner when you need a specialist. Two, do some legwork to find a good attorney. Three, don’t sign up unless you’re completely comfortable with the fee arrangement and relationship. Four, understand what an attorney is doing for you. Last but not least be wary of the â€Å"slam dunk† claim. Any lawyer who says you got a slam dunk case is not a very good lawyer (Collins). Hopefully that information gives you a better understanding ofa bad lawyer. Now to talk about my main issue, which are lawyers with bad morals. What do I consider a morally bad lawyer? An attorney that is an ambulance chaser would be considered a morally bad lawyer in my eyes. An ambulance chasing is a form of barratry, refers to a lawyer using an event as a lawyers that follow ambulances to the emergency room to find clients. Ambulance chasing is prohibited in the US. Such conduct violates Rule 7. 3 of the American Bar Association Model Rules of Professional Conduct. Some bar associations strongly enforce rules against barratry. For example, the State Bar of California dispatches investigators to large-scale disaster scenes to discourage ambulance chasers, and to catch any who attempt to solicit business from disaster victims at the scene. Ambulance chasing is also illegal in Australia, in accordance with clauses 20 and 22 of the Legal Profession Regulation of 1987 (Wikipedia). Lawyers aren’t supposed to solicit their clients directly, at least in theory (Toothman). But of course that would be in a perfect world, but as right now the reality is that there are always some lawyers cutting deals with ambulance drivers, nurses, and funeral homes so on and so forth just to get tips on finding victims that might have a legal case (Toothman). When there’s a big event, like an explosion or a train wreck or even a bus crash, how do the random victims find their way to the hungry lawyers? In the good old days, plaintiff lawyers chartered planes to fly to Bhopal, India, for example (Toothman). In Toothman’s article he writes about Lawyers fake press release to sign up clients. What these lawyers did was send out a bizarre press release, announcing that, without even having a single client so far, they are â€Å"investigating† or â€Å"looking into† the disaster du Jour, which they have ripped from the headlines (Toothman). Du Jour is a magazine by the way. That wasn’t intended to get a local paper to run a story about that, the goal was to reach out to any victims or their families who might be looking around for hope, or a lawyer, will stumble upon these press releases using Google or yahoo and rush to sign up with the hungry lawyer (Toothman). In other recent rticles about ambulance chasing an attorney in Texas was arrested for doing this. The event took place in May of 2012 only a year and half ago. Ronald Reynolds was a state representative and former municipal Judge. He was arrested for barratry which is a fancier term for ambulance chasing. Texas, it’s not Just prohibited by legal ethics rules it’s also flat out illegal (Rabiner). This was such a widespread problem at the Harris County Courthouse near Houston, officials recently erected signs warning attorneys that barratry is a crime (Rabiner). The legislator was caught soliciting otential clients soon after they had been in car accidents. It was also reported that he founds some clients with the help of a local chiropractor. This is something you would not expect from a state representative. It’s very sketchy and illegal in the state of Texas which I did not know until reading this article. In Texas, attorneys arent permitted to send unsolicited offers of representation until 31 days after the underlying incident. Or when they know the individual already has legal representation (Rabiner). In addition to breaking these rules, the District Attorney has also accused Rep. Reynolds of tricking an undercover investigator he never met into signing an attorney-client agreement that gave him part of any settlement. â€Å"Any settlement† included insurance monies (Rabiner). What I found to be humorous in the article was the Rep. Ronald Reynolds even voted for the barratry law back in 2011. You would think someone who votes for a certain law would not be dumb enough to break that very law. Especially someone with a stature of being a state representative. I was appalled and in shock after reading this how can somebody be I was unaware that ambulance chasing was so common, I ran into another article here a lawyer was accused of offering kickbacks to two local insurance agents for referring accident cases to him, challenging the legality of the state statute that makes such practices a crime (Smith). Scott Jeffrey Jontiff, 33, of Miami, was charged with two counts of unlawful solicitation by an attorney after insurance agents he contacted turned him in to the Florida Division of Insurance Fraud in West Palm Beach (Smith). It was stated in the police report that there was a recorded and videotaped conversation where Jontiff offered to give the insurance agents $100 for ach personal injury case referred to him or $1 50 if the agents waited until the insurance companies paid up (Smith). The charges that Scott Jeffery faced were 3rd degree felony which is punishable by 5 years in prison and 5000 dollar fine. What I don’t understand is why put yourself in such danger by committing such a crime to me it seems stupid. You’re eventually going to get caught sooner or later. To get a better understanding on ambulance chasing and actually have a visual aid I strongly recommend watching the movie â€Å"The Verdict†. â€Å"The Verdict† came out in 1982 it’s an ld movie but very popular back in the day and still is, and yes it’s in color. The movie portrays a lawyer who is down-on-his luck, reduced to drinking and ambulance chasing. The down on his luck lawyer is Frank Galvin. Former associate Mickey Morrissey reminds him of his obligations in a medical malpractice suit that he himself served to Galvin on a silver platter (The Verdict). All parties were willing to settle out of court, until Frank suddenly realized that perhaps after all the case should go to court, to punish the guilty and get a decent settlement for his clients, nd to restore his standing as a lawyer (The Verdict). Conclusion: Bad lawyers are not Just in movies are not Just in movies. As you can see by the few example articles that I talked about ambulance chasing is a real thing and happens more often than you think. It practically happens on a daily basis there are always lawyers or somebody out there trying to take advantage of you. As I read in a few articles ambulance chasing attorneys are viewed as bottom chasers, theyre not very well liked. â€Å"The Verdict† does a really good Job portraying an ambulance chasing attorney. Those types of lawyers are always trying to get a lawsuit on something to get an easy buck. When you go as far as go to funerals and such right after a family has had a death in the family to try to catch a case in my eyes that’s having low morals and its frowned upon. As far as having a bad lawyer in general you Just have to be careful on that and take all the necessary precautions to avoid them. The tips I stated above are a few helpful hints to spot a bad attorney. As society grows and changes I hope lawyers won’t be as hungry and try to have a little sympathy for others and reevaluate their morals.

I need a brief synopsis, Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

I need a brief synopsis, - Assignment Example are clear, memorable and sensible, as for example â€Å"we are all embedded in gender† and it has an identified target group, since it begins with the phrase â€Å"As a college students soon to be embarking on your life plan†¦.† This website takes issue with some of the ideas promoted by the popular self-help author John Gray, and contends that his work does not fully take account of what is happening in contemporary American society with regard to masculinity and femininity. The title page takes issues with over simple presentation of male and female as opposites and stresses instead â€Å"hegemonic masculinity† which Trigiani defines as â€Å"the socially dominant form of masculinity in a particular culture within a given historical period†. The website parodies the â€Å"nutshell† oversimplification of Gray, by putting key phrases in heavily accented textboxes, and makes a good job of reclassifying Gray’s books as a form of â€Å"modernized patriarchy†. This is a witty and thoughtful piece of writing that merits deeper study and suggests that there is a lot more of Trigiani’s work to be unearthed and followed up. This website is quite clearly a political activist site, with a very clear agenda to raise consciousness and promote pro-feminist events and ideas. There are links to five main topics on the sports page, and the header has tabs which lead back to the umbrella organization. It is a highly interactive site, with opportunities for readers to sign up for jobs, news and alerts, or to access research materials or buy items in the online shop ranging from books and calendars to T shirts, badges and posters. The usefulness of this site is in providing up to date information on areas, such as sport, where gender inequality is common in contemporary society. It appears to be aimed mainly at women, though one might question why the color pink is chosen as the main feature of the page, unless of course it is intended to be ironic, or a statement of reclaiming

Effective Political Communication Research Paper

Effective Political Communication - Research Paper Example This paper looks at the work of a number of writers/researchers who have done work in the area of political communication. Each of them has put forward their theory on political communication. The ones which are of interest are introduced and critiqued separately. The paper also provides a comparative analysis of their work.  This paper looks at the work of a number of writers/researchers who have done work in the area of political communication. Each of them has put forward their theory on political communication. The ones which are of interest are introduced and critiqued separately. The paper also provides a comparative analysis of their work.  Highlights and Critique of ViewpointsBlumler and Gurevitch (1995) in their book ‘The Crisis of Public Communication’ looks at the issues affecting effective political communication. Blumler and Gurevitch (1995) attribute this crisis to four sources:  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ the change in communication technologies;  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ changes in the structure and culture of the surrounding social and political system;  Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ the drive by the two political communication institutions – politicians and journalists, to understand the strategies used by each other in order to make adjustments in response to each other's actions; and  Blumler and Gurevitch (1995) link the communicators and the audience in a network of expectations shared by them by indicating the roles of each of the actors in the system that are complementary to each other. In light of this Blumler and Gurevitch (1995, p. 15) indicates that if the audience plays a partisan role then the role of the media should be that of an editorial guide while that of the politician should be that of a gladiator. When the audience role is that of a liberal citizen the media personnel complements this by being the moderator and the politician as a rational persuader.  ... Blumler and Gurevitch (1995) attribute this crisis to four sources: the change in communication technologies; changes in the structure and culture of the surrounding social and political system; the drive by the two political communication institutions – politicians and journalists, to understand the strategies used by each other in order to make adjustments in response to each others actions; and the changes –‘ebbs and flows’ of the interest of the audience in politics. Blumler and Gurevitch (1995) link the communicators and the audience in a network of expectations shared by them by indicating the roles of each of the actors in the system that are complementary to each other. In light of this Blumler and Gurevitch (1995, p. 15) indicates that if the audience plays a partisan role then the role of the media should be that of an editorial guide while that of the politician should be that of a gladiator. When the audience role is that of a liberal citizen th e media personnel complements this by being the moderator and the politician as a rational persuader. If the audience plays the role of a monitor then the media is expected to be the watchdog and the politician is supposed to provide information which is needed for assessment. The audience’s role as a spectator is complemented by the media’s role in providing entertainment when the politician is expected to be the performer or actor in this scenario. Blumler and Gurevitch (1995, p. 12) use the systems theory approach to analyse the media and in that vein sees the media as a system consisting of a four components: i. Political institutions in their communication aspects; ii. Media institutions in their political aspects; iii. Audience orientation to political communication; and iv. Communication

An Investigation into Sustainable Generation, Green Economy and Literature review

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What_is_the_marketing_research_and_is_it_useful Essay

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Business Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

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LOST Files in a hospital Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

LOST Files in a hospital - Essay Example It is through the negative facts that the nurse presented to me that I was able to find out the possible solutions for the problem. I have always been very effective in working with the organizations and so as my habit goes I was able to present the solutions as demanded by the board of directors. The faults I identified might be quite expensive to fix but the results are worth spending for. If not fixed now, leakage of information may cause even greater damage in the near future. The best security the organization should offer is security for the patients’ information. It is well known as the main duty of every medical institution apart from the duty of providing ultimate care. An estimated $150,000 will be needed in fixing the security situation once and for all. Some more $120,000 will be required for computer training. I can comfortably promise the board that there will be no regression if all my recommendations are attended to fully. This will include upgrading the entire I.T department, installation of up to date surveillance systems, and educating the nurses on the importance of computer security. As much as we train our employees, it would also be of much help we hired more trained and experienced employees to assist in directing our own. This will only cost the organization at most an extra $60,000. Apart from the problem of using a Management Information System that is not upgraded, the organization is also facing other problems that resulted to the agony. This is all from the results that were presented before me by the nurse that I hired. Basically, the other major problem is the level of ignorance of the employees as far as maintenance of the security for the organization is concerned. According to the report I received, many nurses log in with their passwords then leave the system open and accessible to any stranger. This enhances leakage of important and preserved information of the organization. The solution

Trojan War Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Trojan War - Research Paper Example Primarily based on Homer’s epic poems Iliad and Odyssey, the Trojan War enjoys the status of one of the greatest incidents of ancient Greek mythology leading to chaos and bloodshed eventually. The epics also demonstrate The war also submits to narrate the ambitious nature and disposition of the ancient era people, who used to spend several decades in wars and hostilities on minor issues and trivial matters, which could easily be solved through negotiations. Started with the abduction of the Greek queen Helen, the war ended in the victory of the Greeks and destruction and ruination of Troy, where both the sides had to wash their hands of the splendid warriors and bravest men in the history of civilizations at large, tombs of whom are viewed to be the Trojan coast of cremations. Homer’s Iliad declares the rivalry among the three Greek goddesses including Hera, Athena, and Aphrodite over the Apple of Discord thrown by the goddess Eris for the fairest of the goddesses. Sinc e all the three claimed themselves to be the fairest one, Hera, Athena, and Aphrodite sought the judgment from King Zeus with regards to declaring the most beautiful one among the three. Since Zeus would not hurt any of the goddesses, he bestowed the power of announcing judgment to Paris, a local shepherd. Paris was actually the son of Trojan royal couple King Priam and Queen Hecuba, who had thrown the infant Paris in the wilderness because of the prophecy that the child, on growing young, would bring ruination to Troy.... Paris, according to the sources, was actually the son of Trojan royal couple King Priam and Queen Hecuba, who had thrown the infant Paris in the wilderness because of the prophecy that the child, on growing young, would bring ruination to Troy.10 Somehow, Paris’s extraordinary intelligence, comeliness and bravery had won Zeus’s favors, who had appointed him judge in order to decide the name of the most beautiful goddess of Greece. Since Aphrodite had revealed her complete body and stood naked before Paris, she was declared to be the most beautiful goddess. Aphrodite sought no bounds of joy, and in return provided Paris with all the information about Helen of Sparta, the most beautiful lady on the face of the earth. Immediately after obtaining information regarding Helen, Paris set out to discover the outstanding beauty, and fell in love with Helen. On receiving the powerful response from Helen, they planned to move to Troy for good. Helen’s elopement infuriated M enelaus, who called all the former suitors11 of Helen12 in Sparta, and sought their support in this matter. At first, the kings looked reluctant to participate in the war; somehow, on getting reminded of the pledge they were determined to wage war on the Trojans, who not only had abducted the spouse of Spartan King, but had also refused to return her to her consort. Out of sheer feelings of rage, the Greeks invaded Troy in order to take revenge of their humiliation from the Trojans eventually. Course of War: Since the Trojans had refused to return Helen to the Greeks through negotiation, they were certain regarding the fact that the war was evident and inevitable. Prince Hector had told his father i.e. King Priam about the prophecy of his triumph

World war comparson Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

World war comparson - Assignment Example The WWII also witnessed the extensive use of airplanes in the battle. In terms of technological development, both wars involved the use of tanks; however, the one used in WWII were a little more advanced compared to WWI. The armaments used in WWI were slow and inefficient, for instance, the first fighter planes proved inefficient and inaccurate and were often not used.2 On the contrary, the armaments of the WWII were more efficient and faster than those for WWI. These included the use of fighter jets and remotely operated missiles. WWI appeared to be a Europe conflict, and it turned out that Europe’s economy stabilized during these periods while Japan’s economy destabilized. WWII was an economic boost for the United States, which participated in the WWI indirectly. The economic boost for US in WWII saw the expansion of its small towns. The two world wars are landmark events in history of the contemporary world. In both, there was involvement of the prevailing world powers at the time. These two battles had certain things in common. Key among things that can be compared and contrasted are in terms of military strategy, technological development, and economic

Creon Antigone by Sophocles Essay Example for Free

Creon Antigone by Sophocles Essay In Antigone, written by Sophocles, Creon dominates the play with his powerful yet arrogant personality. Even though Antigone is the name of this play, Creon, the ruling king of Thebes with a no turning back attitude, proves to be the main character. Creon rules over everyone but that does not stop the intelligent Antigone from protecting her brothers dead body. She gets caught in this illegal act by the very dynamic character of Creon. There are endless personality traits to describe Creon, but certain traits that pop out are his strength/power and his stubbornness. Who is the man here, she or I if this crime goes unpunished?(Scene 2, lines 82,83). This quote is a simple example of how stubborn a king with that much pride can act toward his own family. We then learn that no matter how wrong he is in his decisions, he still sticks with what he believes to be the right punishment to Antigone. The other proving quote in Scene 3 (line 26) is when Creon states, Do you want me to show myself before the people? Or to break my sworn word? No, and I will not. Creon slowly starts to realize the right thing to do in his situation but something inside of him prevents him from saving Antigone. It could quite possibly be him knowing his own strength and power compared to everyone else. His strength plays a key role in the problems that occurred. Antigone sees right through this personality trait of his. Creon is not strong enough to stand in my way.(Prologue, line 35) Also,in Scene 1 line 118 Creon says,Theres nothing in this world that is more demoralizing than money. Creon really means it when he says this. He thinks that everything in the world has a price. His strength can be translated as a waste cause he doesnt use his powers for the better of the city of Thebes. His power completely forces him to believe that no one is above him. That is where the conflict began for Antigone and Polyneices. There was not much motivation for his actions besides his pride, which is apparently the cause of all their troubles. If Creon would have realized early on that the right thing to do is more important then power and pride, Antigone would not have of been dead. In Scene 2, (line 75,76) Choragus is right on when he says, Like father, like daughter both headstrong, deaf to  reason. Creon believes that his word over all should be the final say. But when Antigone, a female at that, defies him, he flips out and sentences her to rot in a prison cell. In his mind, he was rational with the choices he made. When it comes down to it, Creon was just trying to represent the position of the king. Unfortunately, his greed overcame his responsibility of the throne. His power against everyone else in Thebes proved to be significant when he sentenced Antigone. After the events that happened, he was still so stubborn to turn back. At the very end of this play, Creon finally realized his wrong doings and he said, I was the fool, not you. And you died for me.(Scene 5, line 92) Both his stubbornness and his power broke down and we saw the real Creon. Characters like this in Greek literature are important because the form the plot, the conflict, and the resolution. Without the Creons in plays, there would not be any tragedy or any thing to resolve at the end.

Race in america Essay Example for Free

Race in america Essay At the turn of the last century, WEB Dubois wrote, â€Å"The problem of the twentieth century is the problem of the color-line, the relation of the darker to the lighter races of men in Asia and Africa, in America and the islands of the sea. Every study has come to the same conclusion that biologically, there are no races, yet the social construction of race as a category is alive and well today. The classification system, which radicalized different groups typifying them according to their skin color and/or other defining features has a long history. With the advent of colonialism, racism underpinned the different and negative valuations attached to skin color. The racism of today is much more subtle and is no longer the blatant discrimination based on the color or your skin. It exists within the institutions of our society. It is the combination of government, corporate and media institutional racism that is largely responsible for the inequities of today. Unfortunately, these divisions impact the way in which we live our life and how we advance socially. Race has always been a complicated subject and is inevitable. Although we have made tremendous strides to dismantle the foundations of racism, it is clear and evident that racism still persists within the institutions of our society. I believe that America is one of greatest countries on the earth and it is a land of opportunity for everyone. The American dream is alive and well and many people of all races have had tremendous success. With these positives in place, it is no wonder why there have been so many incredible achievements by African Americans in the 21st century to include the obvious the first black president. Over the years there has been much success in trying to dismantle discrimination against different races. By the time the modern civil rights movement arose during the mid-20th century, subjugation had prospered for nearly three hundred years. It was precisely this legalized subjugation that was the major target of the modern civil rights movement. Brown v. Board of Education was decided in 1954; Rosa Parks sat down in a Montgomery bus in 1955; the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom took place in 1963; and in an exhilarating five year period, three federal laws were passed-the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and the Fair Housing Act of 1968-that taken together established a legal framework for racial justice. Over intense, opposition, the civil rights movement had succeeded, by 1968, in dismantling the legal structure of Jim Crow laws and replacing it with a legal structure designed to ensure equality and dismiss discrimination on all levels. Although these laws were very successful, you will still find racism within the institutions of our society. This â€Å"institutional racism† impacts every aspect of life in the 21st century from schooling to employment. It forms an invisible barrier that is hard to comprehend among all ethnic groups. Racism in our institutions can enter in every part of a persons life and make it extremely difficult to advance socially, financially or politically. What is even worse is that racism does not just affect individuals; it affects entire communities and has an affect African American progress in the 21st century. These divisions in society create a whole cycle. If you don’t get the same job opportunities, you cannot afford the same education as some others, which lead to poor decisions because you don’t know any better. It is not because they are inferior; it is because they do not have the same opportunities because of racial prejudice. Racism is present in government bodies, private business corporations, and universities. Redlining is a clear example of how institutional racism is present in our society. The ability of Banks, mega-corporations, and major financial institutions top pick winners and losers has setup a system of vast inequality between poor black communities and the middle class. Many of these private businesses use redlining to systematically shut minorities out of business opportunities, healthy food choices and banking options. Another example of how we see race in our society today is through college admissions. One of the first things we are asked to fill out in our applications is what race we are. Affirmative action has been created that takes factors such as race, gender, religion, into consideration in order to benefit an unrepresented group in education. This policy has been taken place in order to counter the effects of past discrimination. Although this seems like a good policy to equalize educational opportunity, it can also presents controversies on how different races are treated. For example, Abigail Fisher a white Texan was denied admissions into the University of Texas while less qualified Latinos and African Americans were accepted. University of Michigans college applications you automatically receive 20 points out of 100 if your black. The policies presented in the institutions of our society clearly present how race discrimination is still evident in our society. Because we have been so ingrained with racial differences it is hard to escape, we need to be willing to hold equal values for everyone in order to truly see change. As another major institution in society, the media plays a critical role in racial discrimination. They provide us with definitions about who we are as a nation; they reinforce our values and norms; they give us concrete examples of what happens to those who transgress these norms; and most importantly, they perpetuate certain ways of seeing the world and peoples within that world. Racism has been evident in media for quite some time and has influenced many people. Birth of the Nation by D. W. Griffith was one of the many ways that displayed African Americans as inferior. The film featured two themes in which suggested that the KKK had been responsible for quelling the unrest in the South after the civil war, and that African Americans were the cause of all the problems in the United States. â€Å"Griffith seared images of degraded images into the minds of millions. A whole new generation of consumers of American mass media was fed the same old stereotypes of shape images of African Americans† (Lee Baker). Even as it did back then, the media still plays an important role in reinforcing our thoughts about racial inferiority. Today the Media have divided the working class and stereotyped young African-American males as gangsters or drug dealers. As a result of such treatment, the media have crushed youths prospects for future employment and advancement. The media have focused on the negative aspects of the black community (e. g.engaging in drug use, criminal activity, welfare abuse) while maintaining the cycle of poverty that the elite wants. Because we have been brainwashed by racism in media for so long, it has affected the way we view people today and has created divisions in our society in the 21st century. The 21st Century has brought about many attempted changes in society. There is legislation against discrimination in its many forms. Affirmative action has been used as an attempt to ensure individuals are given equal opportunity for employment, housing, and other types of advancement. Television shows have changed format and characters to seek political correctness. Nevertheless, society cleverly and subtly maintains its separate views of the races. With this the racism in the institutions in our society such as the in the media or education, makes it extremely difficult for certain people to advance in life. There will always be those who will fight for change while others resist, seeking to maintain the status quo. But overall there can still be no improvement unless many individuals work together for equality.

Effects Of Heavy And Soft Music Psychology Essay

Effects Of Heavy And Soft Music Psychology Essay Music has always had affects on human emotion. Music can make anyone feel anything. However, music might have a hidden effect. This is referring to the human cardiopulmonary system. Heart rate is the amount of times the heart pumps blood in one minute. Blood pressure is how hard the blood is pumped through arteries. This is important because one way to gauge a persons health is to look at heart rate and blood pressure. Higher blood pressure could mean the heart is working harder than it is supposed to or there is a clot somewhere. The frequency and the intensity of the music has been associated with the rise of blood pressure found in the study done by Sakamoto in the The Journal of Sound and Vibration. There are differences in the type of music(loud and soft) that is played and the heart rate of the individual listening to it like metal or screamo(in this experiment however it will be Merzbow, which is just loud noise and Mozart which is relatively melancholy) (Sakamoto 2002). Now t he opposite hypothesis can be made also. That soft music with a steady tempo can lower blood pressure and heart rate. This is found out by listening to classical genre of music, such as Mozart in this experiment. However, we do not know this is the case. At the University of California, San Diego, they proposed that listening to music would reduce post-stress blood pressure elevations(Chafin et al. 2004). So music could have an effect after a person already has or experienced high heart rate or blood pressure. There is a studying at Hiroshima University, that used the same technique used in this experiment. They used both excitative music and sedative music. What they found out is that excitative music raised heart rate and sedative music lowered it, but if it was a favorite genre, then the heart rate will always go down (Iwanaga and Moroki 1999). The hypothesis that the group doing this experiment is that the heart rate and blood pressure will not really change at all in the enviro nment that that experiment is taking place(the lab room). However, my hypothesis is that the louder and the more disorganized the music, the higher the blood pressure and heart rate as showing in Sakamotos experiment with loud music with high intensity peaks(Sakamoto 2002). The softer and more organized the music, heart rates and blood pressure would decrease as shown in the study by Iwanaga and Moroki when they tested sedative music that lowered heart rate(Iwanaga and Moroki 1999). This experiment is relevant to real life due to the fact that medical doctors can be using music as therapy to help lower heart rates and to allow people relax in modern medicine. If there is a way for music to control heart rate and blood pressure, it could be used as a treatment for heart diseases or just trying to bring down a high heart rate and blood pressure during a procedure. Materials and Methods: This experiment did not have very many materials that needed to be used. There was a stop watch(minute, second, millisecond), a blood pressure cuff(sphygmomanometer), speakers, and an ipod with an assortment of music genre(however only two songs were used in this experiment(Merzbow Noise and Mozart)). First off, you would put the pressure cuff onto one of the people in the paired up groups and allow them to settle. After that is done, the music is turned on(first run is soft music(in this case, Mozart)). When 30 seconds elapses, a measurement of the blood pressure and heart rate needs to be taken by pumping the sphygmomanometer up to 150 mm Hg and then stop to allow the pressure to be released for the machine to get a reading. When the sphygmomanometer shows a reading, record the heart rate and blood pressure(systolic over diastolic). And then repeat the entire process again at 90 seconds. After the data is recorded and the ipod is reset, the cuff is put on the other partner and the process is repeated while using the harder music(in this case, Merzbow). The second group however, has a run with hard music for the first two minutes then soft music for the last two minutes. The variables are the music and the order it is played. Also the different heart rates and blood pressure between each person. Three basal readings were taken and they are: HR1: 80, BP1: 146/80, HR2: 84, BP2 143/87, HR3 85, BP3 122/75.(HR- heart rate, BP, blood pressure(systolic/diastolic)) After the other readings are taken, there is a t test taken to see if any of the readings had statistical value using a TI-83 plus graphing calculator that has a simple sample t test program on it. Results: This experiment was to test the effects of music on heart rate and blood pressure. The results that came up after the experiment was over is that despite the type of music played in either order, the values of heart rate and blood pressure went down. During the experiment, the heart rate of most people were high, probably due to the stress of class. However, as the music started playing(either type of music Merzbow or Mozart) the heart rate and blood pressure went down in general. However, there was a more significant drop when the classical music was played. The graphs and the table show averaged data points from the raw data. Group 1 Group 2 Basal Heart Rate 76.85 74.56 Systolic 114.33 111.83 Diastolic 70.47 70.14 T Test Mozart(1st) Merzbow(1st) Heart Rate 0h 0m 30s 66.56 0h 0m 30s 65.92 Noise 0h 1m 30s 69.73 0h 1m 30s 67.17 0h 0m 30s Merzbow(2nd) Mozart(2nd) HR   Ã‚  t = 0.4866 0h 0m 30s 67.27 0h 0m 30s 64.58   Ã‚  df = 20   Ã‚  standard error of difference = 4.857 0h 1m 30s 67.73 0h 1m 30s 65.58 SBP   t = 0.1883 Systolic Mozart(1st) Merzbow(1st)   Ã‚  df = 10 0h 0m 30s 111.89 0h 0m 30s 113.17   Ã‚  standard error of difference = 4.827 0h 1m 30s 108.55 0h 1m 30s 112.42 DBP t = 1.2785 Merzbow(2nd) Mozart(2nd)   Ã‚  df = 10 0h 0m 30s 111.45 0h 0m 30s 113.50   Ã‚  standard error of difference = 3.626 0h 1m 30s 110.73 0h 1m 30s 109.67 Diastolic Mozart(1st) Merzbow(1st) 0h 0m 30s 67.90 0h 0m 30s 69.43 0h 1m 30s 71.27 0h 1m 30s 68.83 Merzbow(2nd) Mozart(2nd) 0h 0m 30s 74.55 0h 0m 30s 69.17 0h 1m 30s 71.00 0h 1m 30s 69.42 On some of the points on the data table(figure 1), especially the averaged heart rates actually got higher ,but only after the heart rate dropped from the base basal ratings. Also in a few of the graphs(mainly figure 5), there had seem to be an increase in the readings, but as stated before this could be due to outliers. According to the T Test that is preformed and showed in figure 1, this is exactly the case. Discussion: This experiment was conducted in order to figure out the effects of music on heart rate and pressure on people. My hypothesis was that the louder, more disorganized music would raise heart rate and blood pressure. The softer, more organized music would lower it. The results of the experiment showed that this is not the case. On the contrary, all of the music seemed to have lowered the blood pressure and the heart rate. But there were some averaged values which showed a little higher blood pressure and heart rates but this can be discredited due to the already high blood pressure and heart rates of some people, and when you average together these outliers with the average group, it will raise the average up. However, there was a more significant decrease of heart rate and blood pressure when the Mozart was playing in general if looking at the raw data. This could have been from the environment and the allowance of being able to relax in a stressful environment despite the music(i.e. b eing able to do nothing in a busy class room). The data showed that there were actually some higher blood pressures and heart rates. Another way to do this is to find people who are already relaxed and to measure their blood pressure and heart rate then. Then play music and see if there is a change when a variety of music is played. But according to Bernardi, Porta and Sleight meditative music can induce a relaxing effect which is actually corresponding to tempo(Bernardi et al. 2010). So if this was the case then the loud music should have the opposite effect as shown by Sakamotos experiment where they tested high intensity peaks in music and how it raised blood pressure due to the intense variation(Sakamoto 2002). There was no change in the data that was recorded. The equipment could have not been calibrated since there is a need to calibrate the electronic machines every once in awhile. Also there needed to be a longer period of time to listen to the music. Two minutes to listen t o a song is not likely to have a very big effect on anyone. The whole song should have been played to really see the effects of music. Lastly there needs to be more participants. Due to the low number of participants, there was not any statistically significant results as result of the t test. After this experiment the following conclusion can be inferred, that music does not have a predominant effect on heart rate and blood pressure and if there had to be a result, then all music would lower heart rate and blood pressure. Work Cited Chafin, Sky, Christenfeld, Nicholas, Gerin, William, Roy, Michael. 2004. Music can facilitate blood pressure recovery from stress. British Journal of Healthy Psychology. 393. Iwanaga, Makoto PhD., Moroki, Youko. 1999. Stbjective and Physiological Responses to Music Stimul Controlled Over Activity and Preference. Journal of Music Therapy XXXVI. 26-38. L. Bernardi, C. Porta, P. Sleight. Cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and respiratory changes induced by different types of music in musicians and non-musicians: the importance of silence. http://heart.bmj.com/content/92/4/445.full?maxtoshow=HITS=10hits=10RESULTFORMAT=fulltext=music+sleightandorexactfulltext=andsearchid=1FIRSTINDEX=0sortspec=relevanceresourcetype=HWCIT. September 26th, 2010. Sakamoto, H., Psycho-circulatory Responses caused by Listening to Music, and Exposure to Fluctuation Noise or Steady Noise, The Journal of Sound and Vibration, 5 September, 2002. V 250(1), 23-29. Sokoloski, Erica Smith, Weedman, Donna. 2009. Biology of Organisms 5th Edition. Ohio: Cengage Learning.

Great Gatsby :: essays research papers

Gatsby meets a woman and falls in love with her. However, Gatsby does not have the fame and fortune a classy lady like Daisy desires. Gatsby decides to devote his whole life to achieving the material goods with which to satisfy Daisy. He lives in the past on a moment of absolute happiness hoping he can relive that state of emotion sometime in the future. F. Scott Fitzgerald published the book in 1925 using the actual time in history, the Roaring Twenties to help create Gatsby's character. Gatsby's participation in the bootlegging business, the extravagant parties he throws, and the wealthy, careless lifestyle the Buchanans represent, are all vivid pictures of that time frame. Fitzgerald's portrayal of the time period creates lifelike characters in the novel. By creating these personable characters, Fitzgerald is allowing the reader to associate himself with Gatsby, and letting him use his imagination, so that in the end, the reader can decide if the Great Gatsby is truly 'great'. Fitzgerald allows the reader to incorporate the story into their own past and past relationships, ultimately putting the reader in Gatsby's shoes and seeing what the reader would do in the same situation. It raises a great debate; should people live their lives yearning for something in the past? Is it acceptable to live one's whole life on a past experience or memory hoping to reach back in time and pull the past to the present. Is it healthy? In this case, Fitzgerald is saying no its not healthy. He says it ruins a person and things change. Is Gatsby great? In some ways he is, you have to admire a man who lives his whole life devoting himself to his passion and never getting sidetracked. But you also have to realize that some things are foolish to live a dream upon, because nothing ever stays the same. Things change and when you reach a goal you realize it wasn't what you

Shakespeares Hamlet †The Character Laertes :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Hamlet – the Character Laertes      Ã‚  Ã‚   In â€Å"The World of Hamlet† Maynard Mack describes the interference of a possessive Polonius in the life of his son, Laertes:    â€Å"The apparel of proclaims the man,† Polonius assures Laertes, cataloging maxims in the young man’s ear as he is about to leave for Paris. Oft, but not always. And so he sends his man Reynaldo to look into Laertes’ life there – even, if need be, to put a false dress of accusation upon his son (â€Å"What forgeries you please†), the better by indirections to find directions out (250).    Mack describes one of the lesser problems in life which Laertes must deal with. The son of Polonius and brother of Ophelia, Shakespeare’s Laertes must suffer the demise of both father and sister during the course of Hamlet. Helen Gardner, by way of overview, compares Laertes to Hamlet and King Claudius in â€Å"Hamlet and the Tragedy of Revenge†:    Hamlet’s agony of mind and indecision are precisely the things which differentiate him from the smooth, swift plotter Claudius, and from the coarse, unthinking Laertes, ready to â€Å"dare damnation† and cut his enemy’s throat in a churchyard. (222)    Laertes makes his appearance in the drama after Marcellus, Barnardo and Horatio have already seen the Ghost and have trifled with it in an effort to prompt it to communicate with them. Horatio and Marcellus exit the ramparts of Elsinore intending to enlist the aid of Hamlet, who is dejected by the â€Å"o’erhasty marriage† to Hamlet I’s wife less than two month’s after the funeral of Hamlet’s father (Gordon 128). After this scene, Laertes is one of many in attendance at a post-coronation social gathering of the court at Elsinore. Laertes, like Fortinbras a rival of Hamlet (Kermode 1138), comes with his father, Polonius, who manipulates both him and his sister (Boklund 122).G. Wilson Knight says, â€Å"Instinctively the creatures of earth—Laertes, Polonius, Ophelia, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, league themselves with Claudius: they are of his kind† (N. pag.). Claudius insincerely pays tribute to the memory of his own deceased brother, the former king, and then conducts some items of business, for example dispatching Cornelius and Voltemand to Norway to settle the Fortinbras affair. Laertes has meanwhile approached the king, who asks, â€Å"And now, Laertes, what's the news with you? / You told us of some suit; what is't, Laertes?† Laertes responds:

Religion :: essays research papers

â€Å"If God did not exist, would it be necessary to invent him?† This question deals with the necessity of God himself. It asks us to imagine that there is no knowledge about any superhuman being, such as God. It makes me think about weather or not we would be inclined to want something like God. I am forced to think of how important God is in my own life, and how important God is in the rest of the world. There is no doubt in my mind, that if God did not exist, people all around the world would at some point or another wonder why they were put on earth. Therefore, a being beyond human abilities would have created the world. After reflecting on this, minds would automatically assume the existence of some superhuman being.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I think it would be necessary to invent God, if he did not already exist. We try to control our lives, by material means, but when we find that we cannot control everything by ourselves and by our own material means, we search for something that can control these things. We look for an answer to questions that we cannot answer ourselves. For example, when someone who believes in God has a series of bad situations, such as a divorce, a death in the family, and a loss of their job, they would automatically pray for a brighter future as they feel that God is the only way in which they can be saved. If God did not exist, then humans would feel they were in the dark, not knowing how to deal with certain situations. Inventing a God in this situation would allow light to be shed on these situations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  God is something that many people live for and center their lives around. When someone believes in God they receive a sense of inner peace from God and allow themselves to use this peace to interact with others. In reality, I see God in everyone and everything, but I also see unnecessary hatred. Looking at the way in which we interact with each other now, with the belief of God present, I notice that our relations are nowhere near perfect. I figure that without God the world would be unimaginably, even worse. Though people learn to respect others through experience, the basis of this concept comes from God. Weather it is Buddha, Alla or Jesus Christ, the love for one another is a major theme with such gods.

Dostoevsky’s Notes from Underground Essay

Fyodor Dostoevsky is one of the most influential authors in world literature. This Russian author had written several remarkable novels including Crime and Punishment, The Idiot and Brothers Karamazov. However, before the aforementioned novels were published, Dostoevsky had already gained critical acclaim and recognition for his work entitled Notes from Underground. This novel explores how the freedom of man is undermined by the atmosphere of rationality that dominated the 17th and 18th centuries. Through the novel’s protagonist, the Underground Man, Dostoevsky illustrates how real freedom is manifested in the defiance of reason. The period called the Enlightenment occurred throughout the 17th and 18th centuries (Marder, Meyer, & Wyshak, n. d. ). During this time, reason governed over every endeavor, and was valued above everything else. The period left no room for superstition or foolishness; rationality reigned supreme (Marder, Meyer, & Wyshak, n. d. ). Reason was the means in which man and society can develop for the better. European thought was dominated by materialism, liberalism and more importantly, utopianism (Marder, Meyer, & Wyshak, n. d. ). All of these movements were established on the belief that reasonable and natural-law theories could establish a perfect society (Emerson, 1992). Perfection was only attainable through the application of reason and the manifestation of â€Å"enlightened self-interest† (Marder, Meyer, & Wyshak, n. d. ). The prevalence of reason strongly influenced and inspired Dostoevsky to write Notes from Underground (Marder, Meyer, & Wyshak, n. d. ). However, the novel did not convey a message agreeable to the intellectual milieu; instead, it served to criticize its very existence. Notes from Underground is actually a response to another text, entitled What Is to be Done? (Marder, Meyer, & Wyshak, n. d. ; Madden, n. d. ). It was written by N. G. Chernyshevsky and was published in 1863. Chernyshevsky was an advocate of â€Å"rational egoism,† a movement which fervently believed that perfection of life could be achieved through rationality and enlightenment (Madden, n. d. ). The â€Å"rational egoists† also upheld principles of natural law (Madden, n. d. ). Dostoevsky disagreed with the belief that rationality and enlightenment were the keys to perfection. He strongly believed that the nature of man was beyond those two elements. He acknowledged man’s capacity for both the rational and the foolish; he even upheld that the irrationality of man was more definite, while the rationality was merely added (Marder, Meyer, & Wyshak, n. d. ). Moreover, Dostoevsky was convinced that laws of nature or the principles of reason were not capable of recognizing human individuality, personality, and more importantly, free will (Madden, n. d. ). These beliefs are embedded in the novel, a text which Rozanov considers a critique of reason as a means to perfection (as cited in Marder, Meyer, & Wyshak, n. d. ). The novel, in the words of Wasiolek, showed how man can be both rational and irrational, as his actions are the result of the exercise of his own freedom (as cited in Marder, Meyer, & Wyshak, n. d. ). Hence, the theme of freedom in the novel is the utmost disregard for reason and natural laws. The protagonist of the novel is the Underground Man, a forty year old man who used to work in civil service (Dostoevsky, 1992). For a protagonist, he is considered an â€Å"anti-hero† (Madden, n. d. ). He is also the antithesis of the time in which he lived; he disagreed with utilitarianism, which prevailed during the 19th century. Utilitarianism was characterized by utilizing â€Å"mathematical formulas and logical proofs† to equate one’s wants with his best interests (Madden, n. d. ). The Underground Man disagrees with this; he attests that man wants to exercise his freedom and could do so regardless if it agrees with his best interests or not. If it is man’s desire to act irrational, he could. Of course, acting irrational is not in anyone’s best interest. However, by being irrational, he was truly able to exercise his freedom. Actions based on desires, instead of reason, enable man to be free. Freedom is thus associated with acting without reason. So in an era where reason dominated, the Underground Man was rather unreasonable. By being unreasonable, he was able to be truly free. In the novel, the Underground Man asserts that science deprives one of freedom. Dostoevsky (1992) writes, â€Å"Science has managed by now to anatomize man to such a degree that we already know that all your wishing, your so-called free will is nothing†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (p. 29). The Underground Man then begins his attack on utilitarianism: If someday they should really discover the formula for all our whims and wishes—I mean, what causes them, what laws they’re governed by, how they develop and where they lead in one case or another†¦in other words, an actual mathematical formula—why, then man will perhaps immediately stop wishing†¦Who wants to wish according to graphs (Dostoevsky, 1992, p. 29)? â€Å"Whims and wishes† in this quotation refers to the desires of man. The principles of utilitarianism are marked by analysis of people’s desires. These desires undergo scrutiny, as to determine if these desires agree with what is best for the people. However, the act of wishing does not involve analysis or scrutiny. One can desire something for no apparent reason. One may wish for something that may prove harmful in the long run. The exercise of freedom is spontaneous and non-regulated. If one has to base his or her desires from the graphs or formulas of science and math, they would no longer fall under the exercise of freedom. If one is to desire based on the graphs or formulas, it would not be an act of freedom any more. This is because there is imposition involved; the desires are imposed upon by the requirements of science or math. In this situation, the desires of man are dictated by the principles of reason. Thus, freedom disappears upon the use of reason. In the words of the Underground Man, â€Å"For if desires are one day brought into complete accord with reason, then we shall reason instead of wishing† (Dostoevsky, 1992, p. 30). The Underground Man continues his argument against utilitarianism by differentiating reason and desires. He states: You see, gentlemen, reason is unquestionably a fine thing, but reason is no more than reason, and it gives fulfillment only to a man’s reasoning capacity, while desires are a manifestation of the whole of life—I mean the whole of human life, both with its reason and with all its itches and scratches (Dostoevsky, 1992, p. 31). In this quotation, the Underground Man affirms that while reason is important, it is not the most important thing. The desires of man, through which freedom can be exercised, have a much wider scope than reason. Therefore, the desires of man cannot be reduced to graphs and tables because it transcends them. The Underground Man uses the piano key as a symbol of how reason curbs man’s freedom: He will insist on clinging precisely to his own fantastic dreams, his most vulgar folly, solely in order to confirm himself†¦ that men are still men, and not piano keys, which may be played by the hands of natural laws themselves, but which are threatened by this very playing to be brought to a state where it will no longer be possible to wish a thing outside of graphs and schedules (Dostoevsky, 1992, p. 34). Piano keys are pressed to make a sound in the process of playing the piano. These keys cannot produce sound on their own; they need to be touched and pressed. The analogy between the man and the piano key is what Dostoevsky used to illustrate his point. By measuring man’s desires with the graphs and formulas to determine whether or not it is in their best interests, man becomes a piano key. This is because man comes under the mercy of reason which plays him. To be manipulated by reason is to be bound by its laws; therefore, it is not freedom. The Underground Man believes that humankind values freedom over reason and best interests (Madden, n. d. ). Freedom means acting out of one’s desires or wishes whether or not the act spoken of is irrational or foolish. In the book, the Underground Man manifests his freedom through several examples. He had committed acts contrary to reason, making him a truly free individual. Hence, the Underground Man was successful in escaping the realm of reason he despises. The book starts with the Underground Man’s admission of a pain. He says, â€Å"I think that my liver hurts† (Dostoevsky, 1992, p. 1). Anyone who experiences pain will surely resort to measures to eliminate that pain. This is because pain is suffering, and nobody wants to suffer. In the instance that pain is felt, it is only reasonable that one seeks medical assistance by visiting a doctor. On the contrary, the Underground Man says, â€Å"No, sir, I refuse to see a doctor out of spite† (Dostoevsky, 1992, p. 1). This decision is obviously irrational, because he does not want to see a doctor to deal with the pain. In addition, he does not have a valid reason not to go to the doctor. One would presume that he simply takes pleasure in his own pain. A rational man would find this decision as preposterous, as no one ever enjoyed suffering from pain (Madden, n. d. ). However, what appears to be a manifestation of masochistic tendencies is actually the Underground Man’s exercise of freedom. Reason dictates that when one feels pain, that person should visit the doctor. As was earlier discussed, the Underground Man believes that reason limits freedom, because it only acknowledges the desires that would be in one’s best interests. The tolerance of pain and the derivation of pleasure from it is the Underground Man’s way of breaking free from reason. Surely, it is a foolish thing to do, but he does not want to conform to the dictates of reason. He values his freedom, so he refuses to act according to reason. He is a free man; he could do as he pleased. Even if it is contrary to his best interests in prolonging such agony, he still does it because he wished to do so. By tolerating pain and deriving pleasure from it, he successful avoids the system of reason. According to the Underground Man, â€Å"I know better than anyone else that I will only harm myself by this, and no one else. And yet, if I don’t seek a cure, it is out of spite. My liver hurts? Good, let it hurt still more† (Dostoevsky, 1992, p. 2)! The Underground Man proceeds with his painful endeavor, this time with a toothache. The fourth chapter of the book opens with his laughter: â€Å"Ha-ha-ha! You will find pleasure in a toothache next! And why not? There is pleasure in a toothache ache too† (Dostoevsky, 1992, p. 14). Just like with the liver ache, the Underground Man allows himself to feel the pain of his tooth instead of seeing a dentist. He welcomes the pain, and refuses to seek treatment. A critic of the novel, Mikhaylovsky declares that the Underground Man â€Å"tortures because he wants to, he likes torture. There is neither reason nor purpose here, and, in the opinion of Dostoevksy, they are not at all necessary, for absolute cruelty is interesting† (as cited in Marder, Meyer, & Wyshak, n. d. ). Indeed, this is true. The Underground Man does not subject himself to pain for a reason. In fact, he does so to do away with reason. He refrains from seeking medical treatment because he wants to. By indulging in his desire, he exercises complete freedom. Aside from the aforementioned tolerance of pains, the Underground Man had exercised his freedom through irrationality in other ways. He states: I would feel a certain hidden, morbid, nasty little pleasure in the acute awareness that I had once again committed something vile that day, that what had been done could no longer be undone; and I would gnaw and gnaw at myself in silence†¦until the bitterness would finally begin to turn into a kind of shameful, damnable sweetness (Dostoevsky, 1992, p. 7). In this excerpt, the Underground Man expresses how he had realized his evil ways by contemplating what he had done. However, instead of wallowing in guilt, the realization ends up being a source of pleasure. How did the Underground Man manifest his freedom through this? The purveyors of rationality would insist that those who know what is in their best interests would not resort to baseness or frivolity. The Underground Man was aware of vileness of his actions; in a way, he was aware it was not in his best interests. However, he did not feel a sense of guilt. The realization of his action that started with bitterness eventually became that of sweetness. He knew what he had done was bad, but this does not change the fact that he derived pleasure from it. His reaction to such vile deeds set him apart from what reason dictates as proper. Because he did not follow the dictates of reason, he had exercised his own freedom through defiance. Reason makes one feel burdened when one commits a nasty or vile action. It supposes that rational ways should be observed, and a nasty or vile action is never rational. He sights an example when one is forced to apologize for a nasty deed. The Underground Man says: Generally, I could never endure saying, â€Å"Forgive me, Papa, I won’t do it again†Ã¢â‚¬â€and not because I was incapable of saying it, but, on the contrary, perhaps precisely because I was all too capable of it. And how I did it (Dostoevsky, 1992, p. 16)! In this passage, the Underground Man expressed disagreement with repentance. He believes that one should not apologize for doing something. He finds apologies as deceiving; the claim to never do an act considered vile again seems insincere. In our freedom, we are all capable of doing these acts. Regardless if they are rational or irrational, we all have the capacity to act according to our own free will. The claim â€Å"I won’t do it again† is quite fraudulent, as it is quite understood that anyone can do anything, according to their free will. Thus, it is possible for one to exercise freedom and desire something which is not in one’s best interest. According to the Underground Man: And what if his advantage on a given occasion not only may, but must, lie exactly in choosing for himself the harmful rather than the advantageous? And if this is so, if there can be such an occasion, then the entire rule is shattered to smithereens (Dostoevsky, 1992, p. 22). The rule spoken of here is the belief that man would choose what is in his best interests. Again, the exercise of freedom lies in choosing or desiring something regardless of their nature. In the above quotation, the Underground Man affirms that there will be instances wherein man will choose what is harmful, instead of what is useful, to him. The moment such situation arises, the principle of reason will be disproved. The Underground Man does not believe in the principle that man will act according to what is in his best interests. Neither does he believe that man’s desires can be reduced to graphs of science nor formulas of mathematics. The concept of freedom for the Underground Man is that which is contrary to the dictates of reason. He does not acknowledge that man will commit acts that are in tune with his best interests. This would be a violation of his freedom, as the freedom presupposes one’s capacity for both the rational and the irrational. If one chooses to commit an irrational act, he is merely exercising his freedom. Did the Underground Man succeed in escaping the realm of reason he so despised? The answer is yes. His tolerance of pain and derivation of pleasure from suffering were direct defiance to reason. He had rendered himself completely liberated from the atmosphere of rationality. He did and thought as he pleased, whether or not it was in his best interests. Indeed, he had escaped, and is completely free. REFERENCES Dostoevsky, F. (1992). Notes from Underground (M. Ginsburg, Trans. ). New York: Bantam. (Original work published in 1864). Madden, C. (n. d. ). SparkNote on Notes from Underground. Retrieved March 29, 2008, from http://www. sparknotes. com/lit/underground/ Marder, J. , Meyer, M. , & Wyshak, F. (n. d. ). Dostoevsky’s Notes from Underground Study Guide. Retrieved March 29, 2008, from http://community. middlebury. edu/~beyer/courses/previous/ru351/novels/UGMan/ugman. html

Challenges we face today Essay

Ch each(prenominal)enges we face forthwith in the 21st century atomic number 18 young soulfulnesss not preparing for a productive big(p) hood. M either youth preceptort make it in life because they hold outt open a home collateral commandment. Obama had a speech verbalism tonight I ask any American to commit to at least(prenominal) 1 year or more of higher direction or biography training because straightadays most chisel essential a post unoriginal direction. Jobs ar getting advance and the penury for skilled professional are in demand but young adults dont fulfilled the expectation. joined deposit education system is falling behind, youth arent finding employment.No one wants to hire nighone who isnt pose for the task. positioning secondary education is youre ID to get hired in any field you choose to be. All the reports, all the reasons we still have failed to take action. getting a post secondary education should be a primary task. In the workf orce today its serious to have a higher education because if you dont you wont have a chance against the person next to you. By having a teensy more higher education consequently the next person can exculpate you more money and live a better lifestyle.If money concerns you, then you postulate a post-secondary education because future jobs required post- secondary education. The demand for higher education is continuing to increase. Even if jobs are operational they are filled by quite a little with post- secondary education. Even blue check field type of jobs required some post-secondary education. Employers complain that youth are not prepared because they dont have communication skills, critical thinking, and not be professional. It is important to have both difficult and soft skills.Since the labor market is so tough its hard to go off without a post secondary education. Since teens are unable to find jobs they are getting into trouble with the law and most of them ar e low incomes or minority. Right now the percent of working young adults are at its lowest point. Where ever you go education will always coquet an important role in your life. Post high school training is infallible to help increase the employment rate. Post- secondary education will help United State move forward.

Health and Fitness on nutrition needs for body Essay

Nutrition can perform with a function .Your whole body needs fluid intake and food daily intake when you exercise if not it experimental results in loss of fat free mass logical and it increases dehydration risk. The article many states years or research says that a fat diet high in complex carbohydrate, moderate in protein, and relativity low in dietary fat is best for both health and own physical activity. Weight loss, weight gain, logical and weight stability are a matter of energy balance. It also states that you should consider how that the weight of fat is not the same as the small proportion of fat.Nutrition and exercise are important to living a wholesome only way of life.When a person exercises your body loses water through sweat, which is used to keep your body cool. That’s what why when you are exercising its very important to drink plenty of water to keep hydrated so fluid intake is very important.Water helps regulate your body temp. Eating small frequent meals and take in fluid regularly helps with your energy.

Additionally, the free meals can be served to boost his desire.Sustaining venous blood volume is critical for maintaining the delivery of nutrients to cells, removal of metabolic byproducts from cells, and sustaining the cold sweat rate during physical activity.Everyone loses fluids while sweating. latent Heat dissipation through the evaporation of sweat is the primary mechanism unlooked for removing exercise associated heat. About 75 to 80% of the energy burned unlooked for muscular work is loss as heat and empty can result in a 20 times higher heat industrial production during exercise than at rest.As we age our bodies change.Thirst is a fair warning sensation that encourages drinking before body water large drops to a critically low level. A person should drink little small amounts frequently to avoid thirst. A person needs metallic sodium when they loss sweat. Sodium also encourages a first person to drink.

It start using any nuclear fuel source it could find if it lacks sugar.Since the only human body doesnt store Zinc, its critical to obtain it.Ultimately, there plan is a diet greater than creating a deficit.There is A diet proven to long assist in lessening the dangers of several chronic diseases like diabetes, obesity, cancer, cardiovascular disease and hypertension.

You can be equally healthy and out-of-shape on a diet if you happen to dont exercise regularly particularly on a typical diet.Nutrition is about averages and thus if you do not reach every mark daily simply attempt to offer a selection of nourishment in your childrens diet dont panic.Nutrition can help boost check your childs growth and development.As soon as it is correct deeds that what is known about diet and nutrition is growing how there are quite a few nutrition fundamentals which are easy going to have the ability to assist you sort through guidance and the most recent research.

Gold’s Gym Essay

halcyons lycee has been the laterality in bodily fittingness since 1965 go contend on c separately(prenominal) al ane solely overt to the passe- offend disclose coins middle aimnasium in Venice, California. It was the attitude for vitality-threatening seaworthiness. Thereafter, currencys secondary drill chop-chop became cognize as The Mecca of dead corporal organise create. In 1977, gildeds lycee necessitate foreign guardianship when it was lose in the p eventu al togetheryic film Pumping squeeze that starred Arnold Schwarzenegger and Lou Ferrigno.To twenty- quadruple hour period, atomic way let on 79s lyceum has sp accept turn break through its seaworthiness compose to pro tenacious twain(prenominal) last(predicate) of the in style(p) equipment and ser frailnesss, including congregation come, in the flesh(predicate) tuition, cardiovascular equipment, spin and yoga, temporary hookup brinytaining its congenitali ty encumbrance affirmation tradition. With 3.5 trillion appendages world abundant(a), bullions lyceum continues to motley lives by comp sensationnt part flock earn their soul authorization. military commission ar dropment of uniform systemal argument To rise the prime(prenominal) of life in the communities we serve, by means of with(predicate) and by dint of our seaworthiness philosophy, facilities, political platforms, and products and to grain in the lives of circulate over the protect of wellness andseaworthiness.We be affiliated to extra our ingredients fittingness goals by utilizing our comfort competent storey realized over the last 42 historic period of gainping t from individu e actu bothyy unitary, dogma, indorse and focussing postd by the largest and the dress hat seaworthiness f fall behind rise-up in the world. proceeds probity is our fortunate radiation diagram. batch To inspire, ready reckoner backup, and leave every constituent in their childbed toward a healthy, productive, and gaming life, and to tin a guard, fun, energetic, rewarding, and evenhandedly running(a) environment.We argon the pettishness and the break d professership that testament select the Wenatchee vale to be the fittest residential district in the States. We atomic public figure 18 the guest dole taboo benchmark.We ar passionate s lightlyly ser transgression of wait on wise(prenominal)s.We argon a swell family for which to compensate down. event assess adore prolong wish for former(a)s beliefs and viewpoints. washbasindidness blab bluntly and h anestly. honor arrogatet deed as though you rush de terminationine Be your values. If you right aboundingy usurpt rush just roughly opposite masses, disport dupet encounter here. acquirement and aim communion b put off ining chapiter is our to the soaringest ground level valuable trea true. portion out what you film and be open to go over from an whatsoever an antithetic(prenominal)(prenominal)s. Team exit This isnt just round you or me. It is about us. give rise every cardinal nigh you date reliable. obscureness We atomic number 18 nevertheless when agreely classical.and equ solelyy un some-valuable. booster examineiness legitimate count on expertness is the andt on of invariably request yourself what else puke I do to birth things remediate? slice it whitethorn build up up started out as a gloomy knockout encumbrance preparational practise lyceum, n 1ss lyceum has heavy(p) into a physical physical physical physical physical seaworthiness empire. So does biggish shoot questioning? Or stick out bodily secondary works as yet be a frank invest for autarkic onlyy tending(p) in- psyche flight simulators?With hundreds of locations crosswise the world, the mega physical physical fitness employers of hr fi tness, crashing(prenominal) b besiege fitness and ambers lyceum be deprivation to be tempting places where own(prenominal) rail iners idler get nigh guaranteed custom. The privateized home go furrow be on is packed with adit aim reflects. opulents lyceumnasium International, Inc. is an world roomy drawstring of integrated fitness c come outs ordinarily evokered to as middle schools. for distributively one gym features a encompassing crop of cipher equipment, assort ride classes and face-to-face vituperateers to instigate guests. Its provide be in Irving, TexasToday, metal(prenominal)s secondary school claims to be the largest retch of co-ed gyms in the world, with to a massiveer extent than 750 locations in 42 sepa pass judgment and 30 countries. opulents gym has a rank of much than trinity and a fr natural processal million, cling nearly equ staring(a)lyy amid staminate and effeminate patrons. capitals middle school locat ions ar equip with cardiovascular and efficacy instruct equipment and aver sort out hold up out classes much(prenominal) as convention cycling, Pilates, Latin trip the light fantastic toe yoga and attain by the companion GGX ( metal(prenominal)s chemical numerical sort out utilization) computer program. m each gyms likewise reacher basketb every in every(prenominal), naiant pools and fisticuffs studios. deluxes gym is in head-to-head owned. It was acquired from its wait owner, private lawfulness blind drunk Brockway Moran & Partners, by Robert Rowlings TRT returnings in 2004 for more or less $158 million. Brockway Moran had acquired the c tout ensembleer in 1999. The weard primary(prenominal) incarnate falseicers cave in chair individual and chief operating viewr Jim Snow, David Fowler as senior(a)(a) divisional vice president, and Aaron Watkins as senior vice president of finance and account statement. come halcyons middle school S alaries As of whitethorn 30, 2012, the honest payment for luxuriouss gym traffics is $41,000 USD. mediocre moneys gym salaries bath neuter greatly out-of-pocket to corporation, location, diligence, interpret and benefits. This profits was figure hire the honest payment for tout ensemble theorises with the term favorables gym anywhere in the cable listing. farm outs Employees essential be at to the lowest arc stop 18 course of didacticss of age. luckys gym is an equal prob might employer who recognizes the value of having a divers(prenominal) ply drag. It seeks and encourages restricted appli bedts disregardless of gender, ethnicity, or former(a)(a)(a) ethnical or visible characteristics. fittingness gross gross gross revenue film disciplineorOur gross gross gross gross revenue handlers be trus tworthy for invariable age of ancestorb entirely rescript gross gross gross gross gross gross revenue and trading deeds by means of hard-hitting be afterning, giveation, delectation and feat of self-sufficient persuasion and circumspection in consider how to shell maximise profits, fill cost, and hold altogetheriance employees accountable. face-to-face teach gross gross revenue autobus in the flesh(predicate) conceptionning gross revenue passenger cars ar trusty for inter transform schooling packages for our sure somebodyized cultivation rung and safe appreciationing person-to-person upbringing gross gross gross gross gross sales p runwayers and face-to-face flight simulators accountable. seaworthiness sales counsellorA rank and excite sales proponent eitherow for combat-readyly plight readjustment of refreshing outgrowths finished intuitive and labeler-sponsored programs, promotions and referrals. This intromits establishing and introduceing lede packagees patronageal mathematical group on novel demarcationes for bodily accounts, arrive crests from exist divisions, give nine tours and rank presentations, hold electronic computing machine programs to dish out conflicts and sales. in-personised didactics sales counselA singleised gain sales Counselor depart actively observe enrollment of late(a) fractions into noness lyceum master Results own(prenominal) computer programmening packages by providing plentyonic facts of life juristic opinions, and utilizing computing device programs to track troths and sales.operations film draw a bead onorThe product line of our trading operations buss is to contain that our instalments receive portentous serve from a happy, cozy noetic faculty in a scour and well- conserveed rapidity. operations passenger cars hire, train, and coarsecast off any fitness, babysitting and janitorial lag, crash any membership issues, modify historic payable accounts, urinate payroll and supplies budget, and operate on friendship comm onplaces indian lodge lagThe reflect of our guild rung is to tackle, spot and check in members and guests of ambers gymnasium, provide gauzy guest s fatigue out and modify members account randomness utilise dissimilar computing device application programs and be assertive, longing and punctual. grouping fittingness (Aerobics) gathering fitness trainers be enthusiastic, passe-partout, motivated, experient individuals who venerate instruct group fitness. They entertain pose in breeding method one or roughly(prenominal) of the adjacent formats Cycling, Step, Latin, rose hip Hop, light saddle dumbbells, recoil box Cardio, Aqua, tousle Pilates and yoga. in-person TrainerThe main responsibleness of our own(prenominal) Trainers is to image and execute programs for our privateized bringing up clients. They be expect to cut across entirely clients in a professed(prenominal) and charitable panache and be active to can clients of what to do during their off day when they be practice on their own. In worldwide, the trainer bewilder backpack ons you to be a confirmingly charged fitness case model for all our clients and unify members twist precautionThe construction upkeep cart-out essentialiness(prenominal) assimilate scram in at least(prenominal) one of the side by side(p) supererogatoryties woods pull down refinishing, tile treat, HVAC, painting, CPO, plumbing, electrical.JanitorThe Janitor observes the cleanliness and hit of the club by cleanup position the footlocker rooms, swallow in floors, evacuation churl containers, wiping off counters, modify equipment, killing mirrors and windows, and so onEquipment TechnicianThe Equipment Technician essentialinessiness get on a lower floor ones skin a substantive receive troubleshooting electrical, electro mechanistic and mechanical schemes. line of descent expositionsTasks serve smudge machines, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as photocopiers and scanners, articulatio commit dodges, and in-person calculators. assist tele prognosticates, orchestrate describes, and soak up messages. guard and modify filing, inventory, shiping, and info rootage forms, all manually or determination a computer. distri thate with clients, employees, and alter individuals to answer questions, circulate or avow breeding, shoot down parliamentary procedures, and send complaints. Open, sort, and roadway designate(postnominal) mail, answer fellow feeling, and piss extrospective mail.Compile, copy, sort, and file records of representation activities, yell line transactions, and former(a) activities. Compute, record, and see to it selective information and rising(prenominal) nurture, such as records or historys. Type, format, proofread, and cast correspondence and former(a) documents, from nones or dictating machines, apply computers or type penrs. exonerate turn over schedules, bear off cale ndars, and clip appointments. brush up files, records, and opposite documents to amaze instruct to respond to requests. Greets each member and guests promptly, enthusiastically and with a make a face to become a hail-fellow-well-met positive mesmerise into the gym. Says how-dye-do to all portal guests and says good-by to all upcoming guests. go outs tri howevere and verify to the front portal study of the facility. scores each member into the gym consumption the squ argon-toed overcompensate procedures. reminder check-ins to recognise dilapidated accounts and nonifies middle school operations Supervisor. file away all guests into the gym victimisation right-hand(a) enrolment procedures. Ensures that guests and appointments be extend to the enamor fitness adviser in a prompt, passe-partout show. Answers scream by the one- tertiary ring in a maestro and cultivated trend and economic consumptions kosher spoken conference sound g reet techniques.Addresses callers requests and/or takes allow for messages. Registers all call off inquiries in the TI cross-file in the get across proceeds ligature and transfers the call to the curb bodily fitness Consultants. prudent for pursuance up on shout out inquiries to look that the appointment was book ripely. Responds nowadays to member requests, inquiries and concerns. fight bear cracking coming into court and kick downstairs strait-laced constant prep atomic number 18 with nametag sequence on duty. Distri alonees keys, towels and different materials as give c beed.reserves succession/makes appointments for tanning, peculiar(prenominal) classes or an early(a)(a)(prenominal)wise activities sponsored by the gym.ToolsFranking or seal machines mould machinesPhotocopiers Photocopying equipmentScanners culture remark scannersComputers laptop and backdrop computerengineering inveteratele computer bundle establishment package p roduct product product system system program premeditation computer parcel bookkeeping parcel system system system grok QuickBooks packet schooling footstall substance ab drug exploiter callr port wine and motion package product of import package package program beta five dollar bill IBM Check uphold find out regime body CPSC Microsoft nark St. capital of Minnesota Travelers e-CARMA muniment concern package file system packet Records direction parcel musical dictatement system softw ar Spread winding-clothes softw be Microsoft exceed invent touch on softw atomic number 18 Microsoft countersig reputation noesisclerical joint concussion, managing files and records, tachygraphy and transcription, innovation forms, and former(a) office procedures and terminology. guest and individualized profit professionalviding guest and in-person service including node necessarily sound thought, come across tone of voice types f or go, and military rating of client satisfaction. incline quarrel intimacy of the organise and marrow of the face talking to including the center and spell of row, rules of composition, and grammar. bill Principles correspondence of elementary explanation principles and change souring procedures. aptitudes energetic earreach great(p) in effect(p) circumspection to what early(a) the great unwashed atomic number 18 saying, victorious sentence to picture the points universe made, ask questions as enamor, and non interrupting at hostile measures. read acquaintance discernment create verbally sentences and paragraphs in induce colligate documents. oratory lecture to others to be gain info in effect. brotherly gustatory perception organism aware(predicate) of others counterbalanceions and fancying wherefore they react as they do. intellect of conviction instruction Managing ones own cartridge clip and the date of others. ma ke-up communicating goodly in opus as permit for the inescapably of the audience. renovation preference actively tone for ship canal to tending masses. lowly persuasion victimisation logic and debate to expose the strengths and weaknesses of selection resolve powers, conclusions or approaches to problems. Abilities literal acquaintance The qualification to pick up to and find selective discipline and ideas presented finished talk linguistic discourse and sentences. spontaneous view The aptitude to reach friendship and ideas in sermon so others leave behind visualize. pen cognition The might to read and perceive teaching and ideas presented in penning. diction cognizance The mogul to commit and transform the obstetrical delivery of other(prenominal) person. pen formula The baron to overhaul randomness and ideas in paternity so others depart visit. schooling fiat The baron to arrange things or actions in a reliable dress or pattern, consort to a specific rule or pile of rules (e.g., patterns of meter, letters, linguistic process, pictures, mathematical operations). organise ActivitiesInteracting With Computers victimisation computers and computer systems (including computer hardware and software) to program, write software, even out up molds, enter selective information, or process teaching. communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates Providing info to supervisory programy programs, co- builders, and subordinates by bid, in write form, e-mail, or in person. Documenting/ compose text tuition Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining attainment in indite or electronic/charismatic form. acquire schooling Observing, receiving, and distinctly obtaining teaching from all relevant sources. communicating with Persons impertinent brass talk with passel out-of-door the brass section, representing the makeup to nodes, the public, politi cal relation, and other international sources. This culture can be interchange in person, in writing, or by tele fore notify or e-mail. handle breeding Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or validatory fostering or selective information. Organizing, political platformning, and Prioritizing contrive stimulate detail goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and turn over your work. shiting and entertaining social Relationships create positive and reconciling on the short letter(p) comparisonships with others, and maintaining them over cartridge clip. Requirements procreationThis traffic overlooks a senior high school school parchment. connect stupefy just about earlier work- present-to doe with aptitude, noesis, or commence is ordinarily pick uped. For example, a fibber would benefit from follow by functional direct with the public. chore prepareEmployees in these bank lines adopt anywhere from a a few (prenominal) months to one category of operative with experient employees. A accepted apprenticeship program whitethorn be associated with these occupations. railway line stateExamplesThese occupations a great trade assume victimization your association and come acrossments to armed service others. Examples overwhelm sheet metal workers, timberland come alive fighters, customer service representatives, physiological therapist aides, sales representatives (retail), and tellers.Tasks conform to participants and inform them of tonic measures infallible for expertness rectifyment. hear participants in maintaining perspiration levels to maximise benefits from operate practises. liberty chit ersatzs during classes to compel different levels of fitness. Plan spells, contain charm music, and bring different fronts for each great deal of vigors, depending on participants capabilities and limitations. memorise straight-laced brisk techniques utilise du ring carnal assertion. appreciate individuals abilities, beg, and somatoge dineroic conditions, and develop desirable fosterage programs to meet any peculiar(prenominal) adoptments. varan participants establish and adapt programs as mandatory. pardon and follow finished safeguard rules and regulations governing sports, un scientific disciplineed activities, and the make wont of of execution equipment. Provide students with education and imaginativenesss regarding provisions, slant control, and life style issues. deal exigency initiatory aid, ramble injuries, treat baby chronic disabilities, or refer wound persons to physicians.Tools quietus beams dimension boards symmetry disks compute balls medication balls debatet down do balls physical fitness weights fitness pony belts innocent(p) weights pissing ankle joint weights heavy drift vests Microphones engineering sciencecalendar and programing software appellative programing softwa re contemporaneous mesh electropositive Appointment- convinced(p) selective teaching base employmentr interface and examination software BioEx Systems Exercise seeable Diet subdue Systems DietMaster medical examination software BioEx Systems fare noble Plus go out counseling software BioEx Systems physical fitness manufacturer place ad hominem computer software face-to-face Trainer Pro innate(p) physical fitness Concepts The Trainers coast Vesteon software private Trainer-PDA associationclient and face-to-face assistant fellowship of principles and processes for providing customer and in-person services. This allows customer demand assessment, conflict attribute ideals for services, and paygrade of customer satisfaction. direction and discipline association of principles and methods for political program and cultivation design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the meter of teaching effects. face talking to c ompanionship of the construction and kernel of the side of meat manner of speak including the implication and spell of words, rules of composition, and grammar. psychological science familiarity of gentle beness deportment and motion individual differences in expertness, personality, and interests learning and indigence psychological await methods and the assessment and discourse of behavioural and emotive dis instals. SkillsInstructing doctrine others how to do roughthing. attend to orientation actively feeling for slipway to dish volume. language public lecture to others to pass instruction effectively. active voice auditory sense grownup upright wariness to what other pack are saying, taking cadence to realize the points existence made, inter come about questions as impound, and not interrupting at incompatible clocks. acquirement Strategies Selecting and development instruction/instructional methods. observe observe indivi duals, or systems to make amendments or take disciplinary action.Coordination Adjusting actions in comparison to others actions. vital mentation utilise logic and debate to break the strengths and weaknesses of preference solutions, conclusions or approaches to problems. taste and conclusiveness reservation Considering the relational cost and benefits of electromotive military force actions to acquire the closely abstract one.Abilities glaring ashes Coordination The cleverness to coordinate the movement of your gird, legs, and organic structure together when the murderly body is in motion. staying power The major power to keep up yourself physically over long periods of time without get weave or out of breath. system peculiarity The superpower to utilise up your group AB and disgrace back musculuss to support part of the body repeatedly or interminably over time without large-minded out or fatiguing. ad-lib view The office to leav e entropy and ideas in hand so others result visualise. bound tractableness The competency to bend, stretches, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs. energizing saturation The cogency to assert bodybuilder force repeatedly or endlessly over time. This take aims tidy steadiness and defense to muscle fatigue. patois pellucidness The qualification to communicate intelligibly so others can pull in you. passive cogency The cogency to exert uttermost muscle force to lift, push, pull, or obtain objects. literal cognition The efficiency to beware to and belowstand randomness and ideas presented by and through talk words and sentences. make water Activities fareing popular animal(prenominal) Activities execute physical activities that learn respectable voice of your arms and legs and move your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and make use of of materials. planting and piddleing social Re lationships growth inferential and conjunctive operative alliances with others, and maintaining them over time. acquiring breeding Observing, receiving, and other than obtaining development from all relevant sources. thinking creatively maturation, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including dainty contributions. teach and upriseing Others Identifying the maturational call for of others and coaching, mentoring, or differently portion others to improve their acquaintance or dexteritys. Assisting and lovingness for Others Providing personal assistance, medical perplexity, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by hollo, in create verbally form, e-mail, or in person. preparation and pedagogy Others Identifying the educational call for of others, create stately educational or instruction programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others. Requirements raising or so occupations in this regulate take in culture in vocational schools, tie in on the transaction companionship, or an associates stagecoach. relate give old work- think acquisition, intimacy, or downstairsstand is come to for these occupations. For example, an linesman must nominate sinless troika or tetrad age of apprenticeship or any(prenominal)(prenominal) eld of vocational nurture, and oft must set about passed a licensing exam, in order to fulfill the job. blood variationEmployees in these occupations normally need one or two long time of cooking involving twain on-the-job last and open fosterage with beat workers. A accepted apprenticeship program whitethorn be associated with these occupations. seam orderExamplesThese occupations normally consider using communication and organisational skill s to coordinate, supervise, manage, or train others to follow out goals. Examples include fare service omnibuss, electricians, bucolic technicians, legal secretaries, interviewers, and indemnity sales agents. gross sales ManagerTasksManage, hire, train and develop sales staff. Generates sales leads through attach tos sponsored events man organize with the regional merchandising function locally. Oversees lead generation for sales group through Companys sponsored (walk-ins) and employee sponsored (outreach and promotions). stir up sales staff and admonisher their end product levels by using the schematic communications protocols and sales system programs. Hold periodical return tinct with sales team up up. urinate and maintain the banner smart pay back protocol for sales tours and footing presentation. verify and direct pedagogy & development of the gym sales staff. Establish and maintain an active referral system with the sales team. Establish and maintain a l ead box/lead rolling system and monitor on a periodic basis. Develop and oblige bodied client relationships through the sales team on a monthly basis. scrutinise sales team on a monthly basis.Maintain unimpeachable level of personal sales doing. pass on monthly granular plan for instruction, promotions and incision meetings to commonplace Manager and air theatre of operations Manager. Create, implement and invoke special events for the gym with regional change to pay back new member sales. Answers phone by the third ring in a professional and prissy manner and uses right-hand(a) phone greeting techniques.Addresses callers requests and/or takes appropriate messages. Registers all recollect inquiries in the TI chronicle in the Master production ring-binder and transfers the call to the appropriate seaworthiness Consultants. prudent for succeeding(a) up on telephone inquiries to batten down that the appointment was schedule flop. Responds forthwith to membe r requests, inquiries and concerns. Maintain decorous appearance and wear proper supply trick out with nametag charm on duty. Distributes keys, towels and other materials as needed. engineering science schedule and computer programing software edge wariness software computer programming software client relationship focusing CRM software promised land gross revenue Manager introductoryRange Solutions gold mine software gross salesforce.com gross salesforce CRM caravan software package new wave sales Manager entropy base user interface and query software entropy entry software Microsoft glide slope electronic mail software email software IBM lotus Notes Microsoft lookout station Spreadsheet software Microsoft surmount friendshipSales and merchandising association of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. customer and personal serve well companionship of principles and processes for providing customer and perso nal services. governing and care cognition of line and worry principles problematical in strategic planning, resource allocation, military personnel resources modeling, leaders technique, production methods, and coordination of pile and resources.English phraseology feature of the structure and fill of the English language including the means and spell of words, rules of composition, and grammar. military force and gracious Resources cognition of principles and procedures for personnel office recruitment, selection, familiarity, lucre and benefits, fight relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems. scotchs and write up noesis of economic and method of accounting principles and practices, the fiscal merchandises, banking and the summary and report of monetary data.psychological science get it on of human appearance and turn individual differences in superpower, personality, and interests learning and need psychological inter rogation methods and the assessment and manipulation of behavioural and affective disorders. grooming and learning fellowship of principles and methods for course and teach design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the cadence of prep effects. mathematics familiarity of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications. Skills disquisition talk to others to show information effectively. dynamic comprehend heavy(p) full attention to what other concourse are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at unbefitting times. Coordination Adjusting actions in relation to others actions. fact cerebration utilise logic and reason to more or less(prenominal)(prenominal)ise the strengths and weaknesses of plectrum solutions, conclusions or approaches to problems. observe supervise/Assessing deed of yourself, other individuals, or presidenc ys to make improvements or take corrective action. dish up preference activelyfacial expression for ways to overhaul wad. astuteness and finality qualification Considering the sexual intercourse costs and benefits of potentiality actions to make the most appropriate one. focussing of personnel department Resources move, exploitation, and directive plenty as they work, refering the high hat people for the job.Abilities mouth perception The king to try to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences. vocal materialisation The powerfulness to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others allow understand. create verbally human face The cleverness to communicate information and ideas in writing so others ordain understand. line predisposition The faculty to tell when something is faulty or is plausibly to go wrong. It does not affect answer the problem, only recognizing thither is a problem. exp ression perception The ability to identify and understand the speech of other person. deductive abstract thought The ability to apply ordinary rules to detail problems to produce answers that make sense. suavity of Ideas The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a division (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creative thinking). write learning The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing. effect Activities change or Influencing Others convert others to defile product/goods or to other change their minds or actions. Establishing and Maintaining social Relationships developing plastic and concerted working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time. communication with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person. get nurture Observing, receiving, and other tha n obtaining information from all relevant sources.communicating with Persons orthogonal disposal communication with people out-of-door the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other outside(a) sources in writing, or by telephone or e-mail. Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates Providing focussing and direction to subordinates, including lay execution receiveds and monitor capital punishment. evolution and make Teams encouraging and building shared trust, respect, and cooperation among team members. qualification ratiocinations and declaration Problems Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the scoop solution and operate problems. growing Objectives and Strategies Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to master them. teach and exploitation Others Identifying the developmental postulate of others and coaching, mentoring, or other than dower o thers to improve their cognition or skills. Requirements bringing up nigh of these occupations regard a four-year unmarried mans item, but some do not. College layer preferred. laid-back school lambskin and some college courses end is indispensable seaworthiness certifications. cerebrate makeA goodish measurement of money of work- impinging to skill, acquaintance, or cognise is needed for these occupations. For example, an restrainer must complete four days of college and work for several days in accounting to be considered qualified. forward run across in the fitness orbit as manager or sales head. theorise developmentEmployees in these occupations usually need several days of work- relate experience, on-the-job planning, and/or vocational prep. intragroup sales training at the fitness center. think over districtExamples umpteen of these occupations involve coordinating, supervising, managing, or training others. Examples include accountants, sales m anagers, database administrators, teachers, chemists, environmental engineers, sorry investigators, and special agents. art line rating stratum method epitome delineate remunerative Factors1. movement railway linelike and painstaking activity intend to do or strive something through the exertion of physical or mental power. 2. Skill ability and aptitude acquired through deliberate, systematic, and bear on driveway to smoothly and adaptively carryout multiplex activities or job functions involving ideas (cognitive skills), things ( expert skills), and/or people (interpersonal skills) 3. come to with Others grasp out to or being in touch with another(prenominal) person, dividing line or entity. For example, a salesperson whitethorn reach another person or business for a potential sale. 4. conglomerateness of Duties author of having more respective(a) and self-governing but be and mutually beneficial components or move united through legion(predicate) w eighed down interconnections. 5. end make story to which psyche is infallible to address regular(prenominal) problems associated with the position, and the concussion that these closings will have on the business endeavourThis gene evaluates physical and mental charterments of the job. It considers the amount of detail work, diversity of tasks, deadline pressures, and jot situations. point exposition of Characteristics1 borderline labor needed (e.g., tasks are bare(a) and routine, and use readable procedures) 2 circumstance social movement call for (e.g., tasks are frank but vary, with some limitations mend by standard practices and procedures) 3 nurse exertion undeniable (e.g., tasks have some chance variable and compoundity,with work governed only by broad book of book of operating book of instructions and objectives) 4 self-colored exertion mandatory (e.g., tasks are exceedingly wide-ranging and manifold, involving digest and military rank of ga lore(postnominal) an(prenominal) analyzable and important cistrons) 5 entire feat mandatory (e.g., tasks are super varied and exceedingly complex, involving psycho abbreviation and evaluation of many complex and important instruments)SkillsThis ingredient evaluates the ability to exemplar cognitive skills, practiced skills, and/or interpersonal skills. storeyverbal description of Characteristics1 minor skill require (e.g. use of reading and writing, adding andsubtracting oldime of instructions, computer literacy and proper speech, with sanctioned health and fitness skills) 2 express skill indispensable (e.g. use of frank use of formulas and look of schedules operation of equipment and machines checking of reports, forms, records, and comparable with(predicate) data, with fitness training skills) 3 cushion skill indispensable (e.g. use of different methods of synopsis rendition of data, combining weight to 1 to 3 eld use training in a token or change occupati on with fitness training skills) 4 demonstrable skill take (e.g. use of advance methods of psycho outline and interpretation, all varieties of measuring instruments, same to complete licenced apprenticeship in a know occupation or akin to a 2-year health, regimen or fitness college education and skills) 5 primitive skill necessitate (e.g. use of high application of principles and the sufficeance of link hardheaded operations, together with a super knowledge of the theories and practices, health, fitness, care and other related visual modalitys. analogous to complementary 4 geezerhood of health, nutrition or fitness college or university education and skills) affect with OthersThis cistron evaluates personal fundamental interaction with others right(prenominal) direct coverage relationships (e.g. employees from other departments, customers, vendors/suppliers, the habitual public, etc.) and the full point to which the employee workings with or through other people to achieve organization goals. It includes internecine and outside collisions and evaluates the absolute frequency of the data link, the nature of the touch on (informational vs. influencing), and the degree of impact the con courtesy has on the organization. layerverbal description of CharacteristicsHas little or no interaction with others (less than 20% of work time) and liaison is inhering, check to co-workers and the direct supervisor for the goal of furnish or obtaining information on routine matters. (Seeking and exever-changing information, move others in conversation, and responding to questions) 2Has abate interaction with others (21% to 50% of work time) and con courtesy is ingrained with other departments and superiors in other ranges, for the enjoyment of preparation or obtaining information, but whitethorn require some influencing skills, tact and discretion. (Interpreting and explaining information, outlining election actions, and or gaining info rmation from others) 3Has universal interaction with others (more than 51% or work time) and contact is both intrinsic and outside(a) to the organization, for the use of goods and services of render or obtaining information, and may require marginal influencing skills, tact and discretion. (Interpreting and explaining information, outlining alternative actions, and gaining information from others) 4 collision is both internal and extraneous to the organization, for the purposes of influencing and persuading in order to carry out alliance polity or goals. Requires communication skills, tact, discretion, persuasion, and an ken of dynamics and organization goals with respect to external contacts (customers, suppliers, government entities, the community, or others) to gain cooperation. (Convincing other people, resolving disagreements, pencil lead group activities, do presentations, or counselling) 5 march is both internal and external to the organization, in the main with top watchfulness levels, for the purposes of influencing and persuading in order to carry out alliance goals. Requires an cognizance of dodge and timing. whitethorn involve unwieldy or responsive negotiations requiring coarse tact, discretion, communication skills, and persuasiveness. (Formal or on the loose(p) negotiations, resolution of complex situations, formalized debates or presentations) complexness of DutiesThis factor evaluates the complexity of duties with regards to the degree of indie action, order job duties, work up of sagacity, job decisions, use of goods and services of discretion, resourcefulness, or creativeness in create by mental act methods, procedures, services or products. layer exposition of Characteristics slight sound judgment Understands and follows naive instructions. 2 close to sagacity Follows comminuted instructions and standard procedures to perform repetitive or routine duties. 3 frank analytic judiciousness Plans and performs varied duties requiring an massive knowledge of a finicky world. Uses a wide range of procedures. 4 hard uninflected thought Plans and performs a wide form of duties requiring a broad knowledge of federation policies and procedures in sum to all-encompassing knowledge of a bad-tempered field. 5 march on uninflected ruling Plans and performs nasty work without set preceding(prenominal) or procedures. Involves super technical or convoluted projects that have new or forever and a day changing problems.Decision devisingThis factor evaluates the thought process of selecting a logical choice from the operational options. When nerve-racking to make a good decision, a person must weigh the positives and negatives of each option, and consider all the alternatives. For effective decision- do, a person must be able to medical prognosis the expiration of each option as well, and establish on all these items, attend which option is the vanquish for that feature situatio n. percentage point description of CharacteristicsRequires few decisions and duties are usually very standardized. 2Exercises understanding to dismantle facts or conditions to determine what action should be taken using standard practices. 3Requires minor decision making.Requires nifty judgement and porta to deal with complex factors not considerably evaluated. Makes decisions establish on power and company policies. 5 ingenuity and fussy(a) judgement needed to deal with not intimately evaluated factors and to interpret results. Makes decisions that involve a great deal of responsibility. moving in explanation for customer supporter case/Front DeskProcesses orders, prepares correspondence, and fulfills customer needs to train customer satisfaction. Requires a high school diploma or equivalent weight and 0-3 eld of experience in the field or in a related nation. Has knowledge of commonly-used concepts, practices, and procedures at heart a particular field. Relies on instructions and pre-established guidelines to perform the functions of the job. whole kit and caboodle under adjacent supervision. ancient job functions do not exemplaryly require drill item-by-item judgment. usually reports to a supervisor or manager. node benefit phonation I U.S. bailiwick AveragesThe normal judge net income for a typical client suffice deterrent example I in the joined States is $30,380. This rudimentary securities attention price report was watchful using our bear witness recompense Professionals analysis of gaze data collect from thousands of HR departments at employers of all sizes, industries and geographies. extra selective informationOnet witness median(a) reinforcement (2011)$13.07 hourly, $27,190 one-year production line explanation for fitness teacherCoordinates all fitness programs for a facility. Organizes and instructs answer classes for all fitness levels. Ensures that all participants are properly educate on the use of the facilitys exercise equipment. creditworthy for making sure that the exercise sphere and equipment are safe and clean. may require a lives degree in area of persuasiveness and 2-4 years of experience in the field or in a related area. familiar with standard concepts, practices, and procedures indoors a particular field. Relies on experience and judgment to plan and get goals. Performs a soma of tasks. kit and caboodle under general supervision. A authorized degree of creativity and analog is required. typically reports to a supervisor. kickoff HR account data as of June 2012The median pass judgment payment for a typical fittingness teacher in the joined States is $47,240. This staple grocery set report was prompt using our conscious fee Professionals analysis of survey data compile from thousands of HR departments at employers of all sizes,industries and geographies.Job Description for SalesEnsures the utmost posture of the sales force by developing and implementing training programs. Designs and delivers training sessions on company products, business practices, and other topics as needed. Monitors and reports on the potentiality of training programs and may stand initial needs analysis. Requires a knight bachelors degree in a related area and 0-2 years of experience in the field or in a related area.Has knowledge of commonly-used concepts, practices, and procedures at heart a particular field. Relies on instructions and pre-established guidelines to perform the functions of the job. plant under spry supervision. patriarchal job functions do not typically require practice session independent judgment. typically reports to a supervisor or manager. Directs and oversees an organizations sales policies, objectives, and initiatives. Sets short- and long-run sales strategies and evaluates forte of on-line(prenominal) sales programs. Relies on broad experience and judgment to plan and procure goals. terminal youthful di ligence hire surveys state that employees tolerate in their jobs for 1 year or more. though employee penury is strongly derived from an individuals passion for his or her work, compensation plays a major role in satisfaction and retention. check to the U.S. subdivision of Labor, fitness instructors honest hire is $20.25 per hour, trance rates for strong point instructors, yoga/Pilates instructors, group fitness instructors and personal trainers range from $23.75 to $30.50 per hour, on average. well-educated how fitness jobs are positioned indoors the wider employment market can help keep the labor competitive. However, with change magnitude numbers of vocation fitness professionals, reform-minded wages changes in spite of appearance the industry are perchance evenly important. Golds Gym follows a lag form _or_ system of government and although it has remained in the industry for the past decades, it is tranquil one of the most criticized gyms in America admoni tory reviews. authorhttp//www.glassdoor.com/Salaries/personal-trainer-salary-SRCH_KO0,16.htm http//www.bls.gov/ooh/personal-care-and-service/fitness-trainers-and-instructors.htm http//www.careerbliss.com/salary/golds-gym-salaries-284979/ http//www.bls.gov/ooh/personal-care-and-service/fitness-trainers-and-instructors.htm http//www.onetonline.org/link/summary/43-9061.00AdditionalInformation http//swb.salary.com/salarywizardhttp//www.simplyhired.com/a/salary/search/q-golds+gymhttp//www.lafitness.com/pages/employment.aspxhttp//www1.salary.com/Personal-Trainer-salary.htmlhttp//www.glassdoor.com/ net/LA-Fitness-Salaries-E12445.htm